Katzev, S. 2007. The hull was built in the "shell first" manner, quite the opposite of today's method. A commercial 15-metre long ship built in 389 B.C. In: Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology. Vessel W KYRENIA is a Container Ship, Registered in Marshall Is. Three small black-glazed pitchers, two casserole lids, coarse-ware mixing bowls, ladles, fragments of pottery sieves, a pitcher coated inside with bitumen, and a copper cauldron unfortunately crushed during the ships settling, all provide new evidence of the culinary activity on board. It has allowed archaeologists to learn much more about the form and handling abilities of these now-vanished ships. This method contradicted the present method of ship building according to which the oarlocks are the first to be built. REF4245, Recording timbers (Photo: Susan Katzev). All rights reserved. It was discovered by Greek-Cypriot diving instructor Andreas Cariolou in November 1965 during a storm. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51726-1_3151-2, Reference Module Humanities and Social Sciences. 331340. However, most believe that the ship sank after its cargo was dsplaced during a sea storm. the sea outside the town of Kyrenia, the trails of a unique relic of antiquity, Green, J. Covering the ship with silt would not be sufficient to arrest this totally nor to insure that marine life would not attack the wood anew. Matthew Harpster . As the ships hull began to emerge, photogrammetrist Mr. Joachim Hohle joined the expedition, bringing with him stereo-plotting instruments on loan from the University of Karlsruhe. this context the importance of the Kyrenia Ship is significant, as it is the Correspondence to Deutsch: The Kyrenia ship. From the finds of two seasons of excavation on the Kyrenia Ship the story of her last voyage begins to unfold. plates, bowls, ladles, sieves, a copper cauldron, salt dishes, oil jugs, cups The vessel W KYRENIA (IMO: 9211494, MMSI 538009126) is a Container Ship built in 2001 (22 years old) and currently sailing under the flag of Marshall Islands . One of these was minted during the reign of Antigonos Monophthalamos (316-301 B.C. Many times the sea would also bring conquerors, but none of them would stay for long. Its star attraction, the Kyrenia shipwreck, is a 4th century B.C Greek merchant ship and is the oldest example of a Greek ship to be discovered. Penn Museum, 1970 Web. Thus, it will form a most interesting segment in the final study of the merchant ship, bearing, as it does, on both ancient milling technology and trade patterns within the Classical world. Your email address will not be published. Anywhere one goes, whether this is a country in eastern or western Mediterranean, they can find traces of the Ancient Greeks, who, by defying distances and their fears and by reading the stars, they would discover new worlds and new countries. The hull was preserved extensively, including all of the keel, more than half of the stem, and 22 strakes of outer planking. Whatever the circumstances of her sinking, thisthe oldest Greek ship yet excavatedhas still much to tell us in the years of study ahead. It is said that these lead tablets are hammered onto a ship by pirates before scuttling it to curse the ship in order to protect themselves from their deeds. This theory is argued as there were spear heads found in the hull of the ship and because there were no valuables, coins or personal artifacts discovered on the ship. Found on board was nearly 400 amphorae for storing wine, grain mill stones for producing grain, almonds, lead weights for fishing and one coin. You can still see the way the wood has been joined together and the groove where the ships mast once stood. Katzev, M. 1974. Michael Katzev of the American So, it was decided to dismantle the larger western side of the hull on the bottom, and raise each piece separately. Position & Voyage Data Track on Map Add Photo Add to fleet NINGBO OPL ETA: Dec 23, 08:00 Ningbo Anch., China ATA: Dec 23, 09:56 UTC Map position & Weather Newer position via Satellite It was made from Aleppo pine and would have one main sailing mast and the bottom of the hull would have been coated in a thick lacquer to protect it from sea worms boring into the wood. in Piraeus on June 22, 1985. She proved her seaworthiness, with a remarkable ability to sail into the wind. Borne by the prevailing winds, she would have turned eastward in search of a market for her Rhodian wine. Mr. Julian Whittlesey, designer of the system of stereo recording, returned to Kyrenia to consult in this work. We were fortunate that more than 50% of the staff were members returning from the previous summer. We followed the procedure of the past year, diving in teams of two to six and spending forty minutes working time on the bottom each morning and thirty minutes in the afternoon. Parts of four wooden spoons and a lathe-turned wooden bowl in fragmentary condition complete the dining utensils. date. Period. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for 1954 Press Photo Aerial view of the harbor at Kyrenia, Cyprus - pix27425 at the best online prices at eBay! Over the next 17 years from 1987 the ship was transported on the decks of large merchant vessels across oceans and seas. Ever since, "Kyrenia II has become the symbol of In REF4235, Connecting the timbers (Photo: Susan Katzev). : Kyrenia shipwreck. Reconstruction and the preservation of the ship took almost six years to complete and the museum was finally ready to be opened to the public in March 1976. Next the mast step complex and keel were lifted, and finally the outer planks were cut into manageable lengths and raised. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. It is clear that the vessel was built in the shell-first manner, that is: the outer planking was assembled first, while the ribs were later laid within it and fixed in position by copper spikes driven in from the outside and clenched over the inner rib face. The Kyrenia ship was a small Greek merchantman which sank off the north coast of Cyprus late in the fourth century B. C. Its timbers have been reconstructed in Kyrenia, Cyprus, Once inside the castle, the timbers were washed of any remaining mud, catalogued, and each rib was traced on drafting film to record precisely its original curvature for later reconstruction. A commercial 15-metre long ship built in 389 B.C. A possible source for the volcanic grain mill blocks is the island of Kos. 24 The construction of the Kyrenia II was most helpful in understanding the shell-first method and other structural details4, while the over 2000 nautical miles covered in sea trials and For more information on cookies, please read our. In (c) Among the cargo recovered were Moreover, it has been proven that approximately eight years after its construction the ship underwent repairs, possibly two or even three times. recovered in the bow area, possibly belonging to the crew, and consisting of " KYRENIA II ", Ship model by Chef Andros. sand. REF4251, Timbers coming out of PEG treatment (Photo: Susan Katzev). Expedition Magazine. n 1981 Manolis Psaros, a boat-builder in Parma, Greece undertook to build a full size replica of the Kyrenia ship. The president of the Hellenic Encircling the room now are shelves which hold the amphoras, grain mill blocks, boxes of sherds and smaller finds. That they, too, served in the ships rigging is a strong possibility. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. The smaller eastern section of the ship would be the logical area to begin. This we did, after intensive labeling to insure accurate reassemblage. 564 views Nov 5, 2014 model of the replica ship that was constructed Green, J. There is no evidence of fire or piracy. Department of Archaeology and the History of Art, Ko University, Istanbul, Turkey, You can also search for this author in Translated by David Hardy, ed. Important new technical details are revealed, and fresh insights concerning the economics of classical trading ventures can be gleaned from the chronology established for hull maintenance and repairs. 1989. Here the outer planking is in two layers joined with thick wooden dowels. Required fields are marked *. The choice was now before us whether to rebury the wood for the winter (as previously planned) or toraise it in the remaining weeks of calm weather. The ship is approximately 47 feet in length and 15 feet wide. REF4246, Steffy holding a timber after treatment (Photo: Susan Katzev). In early summer the expedition storeroom at the castle was made ready for use by our conservator. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Category. The coins lost amid the fishing nets tell us that the vessel could not have sunk earlier than 306 B.C. 27 stones for hopper-type grain mills had been stacked in three rows along the axis of the ship to serve as ballast. They were reused from an earlier ship. The tracing of her voyage is yet unfinished; her home port remains unnamed. http://www.penn.museum/sites/expedition/the-kyrenia-shipwreck/, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrenia_ship. A video of the divers recovering the shipwreck and its objects. Kyrenia II was exhibited at the Mystic Seaport Museum in Connecticut, in New York (fig. REF4237, Kyrenia hull insitu (Photo: Susan Katzev). If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Katzev, Susan Womer. Between the preserved hull in the stern and the concretion lay a marble columnarpedestal, its context on shipboard yetan enigma. In the meantime, the Cyprus Department of Antiquities undertook to restore a vaulted gallery within Kyrenia Castle for housing the wood during its preservation, and to serve eventually as a museum for the reassembled ship. Ten distinct amphora shapes on board suggest other ports of call, such as Samos in the north. Having lost the exact position Cariolou carried out more than 200 dives until he re-discovered the wreck in 1967 close to Kyrenia in Cyprus.Michael Katzev, a graduate student at the University of These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Fifty-four archaeologists, divers and other scientists worked for three years in order to raise, reassemble and finally display the ship at the Castle of Kyrenia, thus reviving its history and linking the era of Alexander the Great and ancient Cyprus with the present. boatyard in Athens, Greece. The vessel W KYRENIA (IMO: 9211494, MMSI 538009126) is a Container Ship built in 2001 (22 years old) and President of the Kyrenia Chrysokava Cultural Foundation, Telephone: 22818040 REF4252, Steffy working on the model of the hull (Photo: Susan Katzev). The Ancient Ship of Kyrenia, Beneath Cyprus Seas.. We had observed a noticeable softening over the summer of those timbers which had been earliest exposed, and we were certain this softening would continue through a winter on the sea bottom. Penn Museum 2023 Report Web Accessibility Issues and Get Help / Contact / Copyright / Disclaimer / Privacy /, Report Web Accessibility Issues and Get Help. length, has been preserved as it was safeguarded under a protective layer of The reconstruction of the Kyrenia ship, 19721975. Copyright 1985 by the Archaeological Institute of America. The Kyrenia Ship: An Interim Report on Its Hull Construction | American Journal of Archaeology: Vol 89, No 1 Skip to main content Search Search This nearly two-thousand-year-old victim is the earliest physical evidence of piracy. It is now exhibited in the Ancient Shipwreck Museum in Kyrenia Castle. Interesting also is the regular alternation of ribs: one type spans the keel and in a second piece presumably runs the full height to the gunwhale, while its neighbor originates just short of the keel and terminates well above the bilge line. Discover the vessel's particulars, including capacity, machinery, photos and ownership. The vessel itself was a Greek merchant ship and had a cargo of as many as 500 amphoras which belonged to ten different shape types. We use cookies to operate this website, improve its usability and track visits. at China Coast reported 23 days ago by AIS. and is the oldest Greek vessel ever discovered. Part of Springer Nature. After conservation and reassembly, the hull of the Kyrenia ship is now on display in the Kyrenia It is important to note that, 75% of the ship, that measures 15 metres in , constituted its main cargo. The remaining hull was raised, conserved and reconstructed. Das Schiff von Kyrenia. REF4232, Michael Katzev and J. Richard Steffy working on the lines drawing (Photo: Susan Katzev). The first phase of our 1969 diving season was excavation of the entire circumference of the wreck site. She hasvirtually completed restoration of the 1968 finds and is at present working on the considerable amount of material recovered in 1969. At the barge each basket was winched onto an awaiting boat. Archaeological Context. Finally, an expression of deep gratitude goes to the excavation staff, many of whom voluntarily gave of their services and stayed weeks beyond their original commitment. In Great moments in Greek archaeology. Katzev, M. 1975. This concretion, which weighed approximately 1,400 pounds, was raised to the surface and will undergo restoration in the summer of 1970. Katzev oversaw the research of the collection well until his death in 2001; his wife, Susan Katzev, has been leading those efforts since. It was clear that these sections would have to be taken apart before they could be preserved. During 1985-6 she underwent sea trials and then undertook two experimental sea voyages from Piraeus to Cyprus and back in 1987. Cyprus Ports Authority: Nicosia. During the summer of 1969 the expedition to Kyrenia completed excavation of the Greek ship, accomplishing what had been projected as two seasons of diving in one expanded campaign of five months. National Geographic Society Research Reports 13, pp. In combination with the staff photographer, Hale recorded and plotted to an accuracy of0.02 meters the wooden hull asit was uncovered. Domestic pottery was also With the original packing of mud removed, increasing amounts of oxygen were reaching the ancient hull. Sea and the few parts of them studied have yielded valuable, but yet, incomplete the ship could have been nearly 300 years old when she sunk. There are only the storms which sweep in without warning against this unprotected coast. Steffy working on the site plan (Photo: Susan Katzev). The wooden hull, built mostly of Samos Aleppo pine, measured 14.3 m long by 4.4 m beam. before continuing eastwards to her destruction in Cyprus. During the summer of 1969 the expedition to Kyrenia completed excavation of the Greek ship, accomplishing what had been projected as two seasons of diving in one expanded campaign Although the coins are badly corroded, at least two can be read. At the end of one month the outline of the preserved hull was uncovered and found to measure 4.8 x 11.4 meters. Kyrenia II: Building a replica of an ancient Greek merchantman. REF4240, Model in progress (Photo: Susan Katzev). The Kyrenia shipwreck was first discovered in 1965 by town councilman Andreas Cariolou. The room where the actual shipwreck is stored in is fully air conditioned to ensure that the timbers are fully protected from corrosion and there is a walkway and viewing platform for visitors to be able to view the shipwreck from above. The excavation and recovery of the well-preserved remains of this late-fourth-century B.C. Kyrenia II is now retired from active sailing and is displayed as a permanent exhibit in the Thalassa museum, Ayia Napia, Cyprus. 1970. This piece, grooved as it is with numerous slots and accompanied by two additional half-round bracing members forward, is testimony to the craft of the Greek shipwrighthere demonstrated even in what must have been the most common type of vessel, the merchant ship.
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