In our pre haylage days, getting dry hay made well was tough and, sadly, resulted in our share of rained on hay. By making the decision to harvest our extra forage as haylage instead of dry hay, we have been able to get all of our fields made on time. 8 Table 5 - Volume Adjustments for Wet Corn Bushels/Cubic Feet Moisture Content Shelled Corn X Ground Ear Corn X 15.5 .800 .515 16 .794 .510 17 .787 .508 The bales must be stored away from the eaters. Baleage vs. Haylage by Brad Schick, Nebraska Extension Educator explains more of the differences in terminology if youd like to dig a little deeper. That means a concrete of 8 foot width, 8 foot height, and 8 foot length will have a weight of 1200 pounds (if it is a solid slab). If you must re position the bales you need a grabber. Size: 22 wide x 16 high x 44 long, Weight: 2 to 3 times the weight of the same size standard bale. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Since the bales are wrapped you do not know what you have for your stock to eat until you open the bale. link to Why Do Farmers Have Lambs In The Winter. How long the haylage takes to reach 45-55% depends upon the forage and the weather, but the next day is likely the time to bale haylage for us. So why do you see some sheep with Hey there, Im Kathy! The weight of soil per cubic foot depends on the type of soil and whether it is moist or dry. Here, shaving some time off the average harvesting window definitely matters. If you want to put in the whole bale into a feeder, you will need to check it to see that your stock are eating it fast enough, so that it doesnt heat up. A 5x5 bale weighs 1,200 lbs (540 kg) and a 5x6 bale weighs 1,500 lbs (680 kg). Why move them so far, anyway? Multiply 150 pounds by .5 feet and you get 75 pounds for a square foot of concrete that's 6 inches thick. . Fresh baled hay: 18% to 20% moisture by weight. 0000001459 00000 n Ready to bale fields of hay sitting soaking wet for weeks (last year, and the year before) was a normal sight in our area. 0000006605 00000 n The other possible weight that a freight company may use to calculate shipping costs is called cubic weight, and that is based on cubic feet/meters. For us, its a big help. The term shrink is used widely in the feed industry. But on average the dirt weighs about 80 pounds per cubic foot with the typical range of 74 to 110 pounds per cubic foot. 0000024189 00000 n To convert from 14 lb/cu-ft (dry basis) to the wet basis weight at 65% moisture, divide the dry matter weight (lb/cu-ft) by the final dry matter content in the product. Often, not even close enough for government work. Small square bales have been around the longest, over 100 years. What exactly is haylage and will it work for you, your farm and your livestock? You put it in a drying oven to remove all the moisture. Ames, IA 50011-1054. We truly appreciated their work, and they were fast and did a super job! Size: 3 ft. x 4 ft. x 8 ft. Large square bales have been around for about 40 years. To provide the best experiences, we use technologies like cookies to store and/or access device information. 0000012036 00000 n Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. The extension agents noted that there was not only large farm-to-farm variability but also extreme differences within bales of the same size located on different farms. In a 5-foot by 5-foot bale, the difference between 10 and 11 pounds of dry matter per square foot amounts to over 100 pounds per bale at both the 10 and 15 percent moisture levels. Alfalfa bales are about 15% heavier than the same size bale of timothy. Given the choice, I prefer a wet year to a dry one. The good news here is that the timing of the wrapping is completely within your control. 0000004973 00000 n But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Researchers at the Marshfield Agricultural Research Station conducted a study to estimate the weight of loaded forage boxes. link to How Do You Know If A Sheep Is Sick? (20 lbs / 100 lbs) = 20%. Density = 10 to 14 pounds per cubic foot for hay For a broken concrete, the weight of 8 cubic feet will be 875 = 600 pounds. This is a big deal for us, we dont have a lot of barn space that is hay friendly and tractor accessible, meaning any hay that we put inside must be able to be moved by hand. We did some of each and liked the tube wrapper the best for speed, its a ton faster and uses less plastic per bale wrapped. document.write(new Date().getFullYear()) All rights reserved. Haylage also requires plastic to wrap the bales. DM per cubic foot 2 Capacity based on 13 lbs. The sooner the haylage is wrapped, the better. Let's say we have 15 cubic meters of Portland concrete. Iowa State University For clarity's sake, let's go through a quick example. Tons of dry matter = 0.000393 x diameter x diameter x average depth of silage (all in feet) x (8.0 + (0.15 x depth)) for corn silage Many people use the words haylage and baleage interchangeably. Once the forage is cut, you watch to see how it is drying down. No. Each square foot, or five cents worth of plastic cover, may save a cubic foot of silage, or about 30 cents worth; thus you save about 25 cents worth of feed per square foot of surface area. 260 Heady Hall Unfortunately, for a variety of reasons, large rounds are often sold by the bale based on the buyer or sellers estimate of weight. Since the bales are heavy even your older round baler may not be able to bale the wet forage because of the extra weight. . Hay bale density is determined by how much the baler compresses the hay. Making haylage starts out like making any other normal hay, you cut the forage with a mower to get the long stems to start to dry. What the heck is haylage and why should you know about it? The technical storage or access is required to create user profiles to send advertising, or to track the user on a website or across several websites for similar marketing purposes. Density = 5 to 7 pounds per cubic foot for straw Bushels = 0.314 x diameter x diameter x average depth of grain (all in feet) for ear corn, Bushels = width x length x average depth of grain (all in feet) x density (same values as previous), Bushels = Pi x diameter x diameter x depth of grain (all in feet) x density x (1 - % moisture) / .845, for number 2 shelled corn or ground ear corn Haylage is forage that is cut, baled moist and wrapped in plastic to ferment. Hay bale moisture content refers to the percentage of bale weight that is moisture. 0000038442 00000 n As long as the wrap is not damaged the haylage inside will be stable. Weight down the plastic cover to provide a tight seal so that all air is excluded. Hay is produced from many different plant species. Additionally, there is also a natural tendency for dry matter loss during storage that the buyer will incur if bales are purchased immediately after baling. Making Sure Your Kernel Processor Is Doing Its Job The pounds of silage in the silo is calculated by multiplying: Length (ft) x width (ft) x depth (ft) x density (lb/cu-ft) at the final moisture content. Haylage is made by baling the forage when wet (45-55% moisture) then wrapping it to get proper fermentation by excluding air. Short version: 0000018104 00000 n If you have plenty of easy to access hay storage space, then haylage not needing a barn wont influence your decision. Missing the weight of a bale by 10 percent amounts to some pretty significant dollars if multiple tons are being purchased. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. It can be in a bunk silo, a bag or bale form. Privacy Policy. Why You Should Feed Haylage goes over the reasons why haylage may work really well for you and your livestock. They both started out the same but the results are significantly different as far as taste, thanks to the fermentation process. Both are fermented hay made for feeding livestock. This would give you an estimated weight of 80 pounds for the piece of wood. If loads are always filled to a uniform height in the forage box, an average height measurement can be used. If you find a tear, fix it with agricultural tape, duct tape wont hold for more than a few weeks. All Lambs are supposed to be born in the spring, right? These large bales have replaced their smaller counterparts on many farms and hay growing operations.. Feedback, questions or accessibility issues: Making Sure Your Kernel Processor Is Doing Its Job, 2023 The Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System. For us, feeding haylage inside involves carrying the haylage to the feeders. Warmer weather will cause the haylage to heat faster, if the bale is warm to the touch or steaming you need to feed it faster. Bales of this type are often available in small quantities at local farm stores and building supply stores. Density = 0.8 bushels per cubic foot for corn or soybeans Don Hofstrand, retired extension value added agriculture specialist, agdm@iastate.edu, Department of Economics 0000023911 00000 n Large square hay bales and round hay bales require bale handling equipment such as a tractor with a bale lift. Pounds = 0.0004545 x diameter x diameter x width (all in inches) x density, Pounds = (length / 12) x (width / 12) x (height / 12) (all in inches) x density Density = 5.4 + (0.28 x depth of haylage) (in feet) = tons of dry matter per cubic foot for haylage (density increases with the depth of the haylage) Small Square Hay Bales - 3 Types: 2 String, 3 Wire and High Density. Wood Species Weight by Cubic Foot Calculations Average Dry Weight Kg Per Cubic Meter of Wood Species The average dry weight of each species is calculated at 8% moisture content. Conversion is easy: Need help? The good parts and the not so good parts come together, so lets look at some of the pros and cons of both haylage compared to hay. 0000017224 00000 n Care should be used when interpreting the results of a shrink calculation. Hay bales can weigh from 40 lbs to 2,000 lbs (18 kg to 907 kg). These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for anonymous statistical purposes. If you need to convert to cubic feet from meters/metres: multiply your final number by 35.31. Cooler water is denser than warmer water, so if the temperature of the water is less . The wet bale is wrapped in plastic. Haylage will also need that loader or skid steer later when you want to move the bale. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Density = 0.628 bushels per cubic foot for ear corn Once stored, questions have come up on how to estimate the tonnage of silage in a bunker silo. The bale is already wrapped it can be stored anywhere that is convenient for you to get to later, it does not need to be in a barn! 0000011521 00000 n The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes. It is listed in pounds per cubic foot or kilograms per cubic meter. When purchasing baleage, it is always recommended to either weigh the bales or have a rock-solid moisture test. Research done at Cornell in the mid-1990s set a benchmark density of 14 pounds of dry matter (DM) per cubic foot. Since this was already after dark, after 9 p.m. we were glad to get it done! Silage that is not packed has a weight of approximately 25 pounds per cubic foot, and well-packed silage is considered to weigh approximately 35 pounds per cubic foot. Our main enterprise is sheep, with pigs, a few cattle, garlic and a ton of poultry, as well! 0000011599 00000 n Tons of dry matter = Pi x diameter x diameter x depth of (all in feet) x density / 2,000, for corn silage or haylage goes over the other type of haylage we love, Oatlage, which is just haylage made of oats, is a great way to harvest oats as wonderful feed for your stock. pounds of dry forage per cubic foot (lbs DM/ft 3). Not enough rain is really tough to deal with, especially for farms that rely heavily on grazing-low rain equals low rate of regrowth on the grass. You need the stems of the grasses to stay long! Short distance transport is done with special wagons and trailers. The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user. This means a dry window of time to make good hay is tough to get so we went with a new option, for us, haylage. ft) x 62.4. Then to convert cubic feet to bushels: Multiply by .8 for small grain or shelled corn. Two string bales were the most common hay bales for many years. Haylage does require more mechanized handling to make and feed and is heavier per bale than hay. 0000020091 00000 n Short distance transport is done with special wagons and trailers. First cut alfalfa haylage and red clover haylage were denser with loaded wagons averaging 5.6 lbs DM/ft. If your baler is older, check into its capabilities. The ability to be handled by forklifts and front end loaders is another key feature. The average dry weight of each species is calculated at 8% moisture content. Given the number of variables that determine the actual bale weight, buying and selling large round bales based on a weight guess is likely going to result in a transaction that is either above or below market value. This is start of fermentation, which will preserve the forage in a way similat to sauerkraut. 0000010980 00000 n 0000004282 00000 n 0000009004 00000 n Wed love to hear from you if you have any questions! Rectangular: Gallons = length x width x height (all in feet) x 7.5 gallons per cubic foot Tons of dry matter = 0.000393 x diameter x diameter x average depth of silage (all in feet) x (5.90 + (0.1 x depth)) for haylage High density small square bales are now being produced to reduce storage and shipping costs. It is important to determine the fill height for each load so that the correct volume is computed. Tons of wet silage or haylage = tons of dry matter / (1 - % moisture) To determine its weight, you would multiply 2 (the volume) by 40 pounds (the importance of a cubic foot of dry oak wood). Haylage has a higher feed value than dry hay. Estimating the Weight of Forage in a Forage Wagon. Compare that to dry hay, which is 18-22% moisture (University of Missouri). Z,5Aii:*rQVYo?n Mono-Slope Beef Barn Air Quality Research Project. It looks like nothing was found at this location. 0000011291 00000 n Haylage can be fed in the same way as dry hay. 1 Capacity based on 16 lbs. Hay bales can weigh from 40 lbs to 2,000 lbs (18 kg to 907 kg). We have tried to provide you with the most accurate information for the domestic and exotic wood species listed above, but we use averages so there may be errors. We put the bale in the end of the barn with the tractor, then cut the plastic and remove the netting while inside. Horizontal silos, bag silos, and stacks require mechanical compaction to achieve adequate . Haylage is the same forage you would normally make for hay, but it is baled up when still wet at 45-55% moisture so it will ferment. Haylage Mistakes and how you can avoid them gives the most common mistakes farmers make when making or handling haylage and what to do to prevent or fix those problems. UNL web framework and quality assurance provided by the, Apply to the University of NebraskaLincoln, Give to the University of NebraskaLincoln, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Strengthening Nebraska's Agricultural Economy, Estimating the Tonnage of Silage in a Bunker Silo. The first part of the formula is the specific gravity of the wood. A 4 ft wide x 5 ft high round legume hay bale may weigh 1,000 lbs. If you live in a dry area, then this is not a big deal. We called a local guy who advertised online that he did custom baling and wrapping, be sure to call before you need it! 0000010957 00000 n This work is supported in part by New Technologies for Agriculture Extension grant no. That is also called haylage since there is no grain in it and it is made from a hay type forage. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". When raising sheep, you occasionally get a sick one. Grass forages were less dense and averaged 4.6 lbs DM/ft 3. Any leftover bale is taken back out of the field. To find the average dry weight per board foot, divide the pounds per cubic foot by 12. This variation, coupled with operator experience, lends further variability into the bale density and weight discussion. Cubic Weight Definition. 0000020068 00000 n why not hay. When the density of haylage or corn silage in a forage box is known, an estimate of the total forage weight in a chopper box can be calculated by multiplying the chopper box volume by the forage density.
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